Polyolefin structure. Apr 1, 2001 · As a result, a fair comparison of the experimental data in order to establish the true effect of the structure on grafting and crosslinking or degradation can not be made. En chimie, le mot oléfine est synonyme d' alcène (qui lui est préféré). In other words, these polymers are prevalent in a wide array of applications depending on the material characteristics of the Jul 9, 2014 · Therefore, this paper aims to further motivate interest in polyolefin research in academia by highlighting promising and open areas for the future. , sugar cane). Aug 13, 2024 · This paper examines polyolefin pyrolysis using a continuous fluidized bed reactor, comparing three key factors: (1) the branching structure of polyolefins, (2) the molecular weights of polymers, and (3) the source of plastics (PCR vs. Oct 1, 2024 · The monomer is judiciously designed to generate an unsaturated polyolefin structure with low crystallinity, consisting of “hard segments” (solid crystallites) and “soft segments Polyethylene and polyolefin are valuable thermoplastic materials with numerous attributes that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. [1] Outdoor applications such as roofing frequently contain TPO because it does not degrade under solar UV radiation, a common problem with nylons. These resins are commonly used in compounding applications where they improve the impact performance and flexibility of polypropylene or polyethylene-based compounds but they can May 2, 2003 · Polyolefin elastomers (POE) are a relatively new class of elastomers. Polyolefins represent almost 70% of U. Ce sont des matériaux non polaires, inodores et non poreux qui sont souvent Une polyoléfine, parfois appelée polyalcène, désigne un polymère aliphatique saturé, synthétique, issu de la polymérisation d'une oléfine (aussi appelée un alcène) telle l' éthylène et ses dérivés. The polyolefin backbone of these primers and adhesion promoters is treated with chlorine, which alters its chemical structure and attributes, resulting in an enhanced adhesion effect. Keywords: Ziegler-Natta catalyst; co-catalysts; metallocene; methylaluminoxane; polyolefin. 5 Stereochemistry and the structure of polyolefins 8 1. Higher branch density in PE led to increased concentrations of aromatics, branched alkanes, and internal alkenes. Olefin is an older term for an alkene that is still commonly used in the industry. Jan 4, 2023 · Herein, we review the synthesis of the POE, OBC, CPOE, and dynamical cross-linked polyolefin elastomer, including the catalyst systems, polymerization techniques, processes, and kinetic modelling. Jan 14, 2022 · A polymer that is produced from a simple olefin monomer (also called alkene, general formula CₙH₂ₙ) is called Polyolefin. The methods to produce the foams, the relationships between structure and properties, and the main applications of these Aug 12, 2016 · Of course, the olefin you polymerize determines what kind of polyolefin you end up with. Key characteristics of POE's are their low hardness, low density and high impact / toughness. Jan 1, 2005 · The purpose of this paper is to review the most significant developments of the last 10 years in the field of crosslinked polyolefin foams. Polyolefin and polypropylene are both commonly used polymers in the plastics industry. The bulk density is somewhere in between. At the macromolecular level, the architecture of the constituent polymer chains is important: chemical structure, molar mass and molar mass distribution (polydispersity). A distinguishable melting behaviour is observable for all films. Description Polyolefin Fibres: Structure, Properties and Industrial Applications, Second Edition, explores one of the most widely used commercial polymers, with a focus on the most important polyolefins, namely polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyolefin bicomponent fibres. Polyethylene (PE), the foundational member of the polyolefin family, exhibits a broad spectrum of grades and structural arrangements, including the well-known low-density (LDPE) and high-density (HDPE) variants. com] Figure 3 shows the thermal properties of freshly manufactured and heated encapsulant films; Table 4 summarizes the thermal properties. 1) Taking a somewhat simplistic view, three components are needed to make a polyolefin: monomer/comonomer, catalyst/initiator system, and polymerization reactor. A polyolefin is a polymer produced from an olefin or alkene as a monomer. Oct 18, 2024 · The polymer structure had the greatest impact on product distribution, with minimal influence from molecular weight. The two primary types of polyolefins are polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Jun 13, 2008 · Polyolefins include LDPE, HDPE, and PP. The former is a broad category of plastics derived from olefins; the latter is a specific type of polyolefin. 2 Definitions of polymers, fibres and polyolefins 4 1. They easily withstand exposure to nearly all chemicals at room temperature for up to 24 hours. These are the only plastics lighter than water. POE Elastomer randomly introduces long branches into the linear short-chain branched structure of the polymer, so that the resin phase formed by the polyethylene segment itself and the non A polyolefin is a polymer produced from an olefin or alkene as a monomer. The properties, applications and market acceptance are outlined. It forms a relatively rigid structure with a Tg of approximately 70°C, a melting point of ~250°C, and crystallizes in a triclinic structure. The characterization of the TPE-Os and the relationships between the TPE-O chain structure, aggregated state, and product performance are discussed. They can be categorized on the basis of their monomeric unit and chain structure as ethylene-based polyolefins, propylene-based polyolefins, higher polyolefins, and polyolefin elastomers. Therefore, using filler with high κf combined with the simultaneous alignment of PE chains and the embedded filler, κc can be significantly enhanced. [2] TPO is used Polyolefin elastomers (POE) are a range of copolymers based on metallocene catalysis utilizing butene or octene comonomers. The IUPAC nomenclature term for polyolefins is poly (alkene). For example, polyethylene is the product of polymerized ethylene. Aug 1, 2023 · It needs new technologies with low economic and environmental impact for responsible polyolefin waste recycling and new polyolefin materials or processes with significantly greater sustainability attributes. These compounds make up a significant … However, in most cases research in this area has reduced academia as olefin polymerization has seen significant advancements in the industries. The density of PET ranges from 1. Oct 11, 2024 · Polyolefins derive from olefin monomers, unsaturated hydrocarbons with a carbon-carbon double bond. May 2, 2003 · Polyolefin elastomers (POE) are a relatively new class of elastomers. Wagener In this way, the book follows the entire 'lifetime' of polyolefin compounds and materials: from their synthesis and processing, over applications, to the recycling and reuse of disposed or degraded polyolefin substrates. Polyolefins have exceptional properties that make them star ingredients in a variety of products. Dec 5, 2024 · Polyolefin is a significant class of polymers derived from olefins, recognized for their versatility and wide-ranging applications. While polyethylene is a specific type of polyolefin, both materials share similar physical properties, such as chemical resistance, low moisture absorption, and good electrical insulation. 33 g/cm 3 for the amorphous region to about 1. For the first time, the reader will find a comprehensive description of the structuring of molten polyolefins in fiber, film and molding processes with correlation between structural order such as crystalline unit cell, polymorphic effect and orientation, and processing parameters. Polyethylene is a member of the important family of polyolefin resins. Polyolefins, produced from polyolefin resin, are part of a “family” of thermoplastics, including polyethylene and polypropylene. PMP Jan 1, 2006 · It is essential to retain the superior properties of polyolefins while achieving polyolefin functionalization. Their chemistry and processing are discussed. As one of the world’s largest POE producer, Dow combines decades of polymer experience with advanced manufacturing and application development to offer high-quality, tailored options. Polyolefins have grown to become one The repeat structure of polyethylene terephthalate. The simplest alkene is ethylene. They are produced by polymerising respectively ethylene and propylene, mainly obtained from oil and natural gas but can also be derived from renewable resources (e. Precision Polyolefin Structure: Modeling Polyethylene Containing Methyl and Ethyl Branches Conference paper pp 305–324 Cite this conference paper Download book PDF Giovanni Rojas & Kenneth B. 4 Polyolefin-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers (TPOs) are an important part of the TPEs, which consist of polyolefin semi-crystalline thermoplastic and amorphous elastomeric components. It is used for several small caps and plugs on filtration and ultracentrifuge ware products. They are usually derived from a small set of simple olefins (alkenes). Apr 13, 2020 · In this paper, poly-α-olefins (PAO) containing quaternary carbon centers were prepared by two-step oligomerization using a metallocene catalyst followed by a Ziegler–Natta catalyst. The chlorinated polyolefin resin is a chlorinated product of a copolymer having a structural unit derived from ethylene, in which a content ratio of the ethylene structural unit in the copolymer is 50 mol% to 90 mol%. Contents: Origins of Polyolefins. In organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated chemical molecule containing at least one carbon to carbon double bond. S. virgin grades). This review will discuss how polyolefin technology has been developed in the past decade, with particular attention to new products, catalysts, polymerization processes and additives around the world as well as in China. Abstract Polyolefin resins are the major plastics consumed in the world and are the subject of many new research works. They rank among the most widely produced synthetic polymers worldwide. Strong oxidizing agents What are polyolefins? Polyolefins are a family of thermoplastics that include polyethylene and polypropylene. La formule générale est - (CH 2 -CRR') n -, où R et R' peuvent être l' atome d'hydrogène (H) ou les Jan 4, 2023 · Herein, we review the synthesis of the POE, OBC, CPOE, and dynamical cross-linked polyolefin elastomer, including the catalyst systems, polymerization techniques, processes, and kinetic modelling. Their versatility has made them the most largely used type of plastics, representing almost […] 50 years ago, Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and propylene using titanium compounds and aluminum-alkyls as co-catalysts. Sep 4, 2024 · Polyolefin comes from olefins, a kind of hydrocarbon containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Characterization Methods. This work aims at investigating the effect of the polyolefin structure on grafting and crosslinking or degradation both in the melt and in solution. Polyolefins can be divided into two main types, polyethylene and polypropylene, which are subdivided into several grades for different applications, as discussed later in this chapter. HS Code: 39019010 Polyolefin Elastomer (POE) is a random copolymer elastomer based on butene or octene copolymer as comonomer, which is polymerized under the action of homogeneous metal catalyst. Other polyolefin polymers and their copolymers include ethylene-vinyl acetate, ionomer, polybutylene, polymethyl pentene and polydicyclopentadiene. 3 Chemistry of alkene (olefin) monomers 4 1. 6 Polyethylene fibres 14 1. The grafting leads to a smaller crystal size, less ordered List of Contributors xi Preface xv Part I Structure and properties of polyolefin fibres 1 1 Types of polyolefin fibres 3 A. Therefore, this paper aims to further motivate interest in polyolefin research in academia by highlighting promising and open areas for the future. Supported by deep market As a kind of high-performance thermoplastic crystalline resin, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) is characterized by its low density, low dielectric constant, exceptional mechanical and chemical properties, high transparency, and gas permeability. The two main resins of the polyolefin family are polyethylene and polypropylene. The term polyolefin typically is applied to polymers derived from ethylene, propylene, and other alpha-olefins, isobutylene, cyclic olefins, and butadiene and other diolefins. Jun 9, 2017 · Part I covers the structure and properties of polyolefin fibres, incorporating a new chapter on the environmental aspects of polyolefin use. Polyolefin homopolymers are made from ethylene, propylene, butylene, and methyl pentene. About the book Description Polyolefin Fibres: Structure, Properties and Industrial Applications, Second Edition, explores one of the most widely used commercial polymers, with a focus on the most important polyolefins, namely polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyolefin bicomponent fibres. 5 g/cm 3 for the crystal regions. and European plastics consumption, making them one of the most widely used plastics. Jan 1, 2013 · 7. Following are the types. g. Part II examines the methods for improving the functionality of polyolefins, providing essential information for those engaged in developing high-performance materials. In this chapter, the structure of polyolefin fibres is considered at various levels. The most common polyolefins are polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), for instance. A polyolefin is a type of polymer with the general formula (CH 2 CHR) n where R is an alkyl group. This simple structure, repeated thousands or even millions of times, yields long, chainlike molecules of varying molecular weight, with or without attached side branches, that exhibit loosely amorphous or closely ordered, semicrystalline arrangements. In particular the metallocene catalyst used in the polymerisation reaction. To mitigate the imminent challenges, the first aspect is to deal with existing polyolefin waste in more sustainable ways (Fig. We will start our discussion by taking a brief Polyolefin elastomers (POE) are a class of thermoplastic elastomers derived from olefin monomers. Additionally, we will discuss how polyolefins are produced and their various applications across industries. All are break-resistant, nontoxic, and non-contaminating. . 7 Polypropylene An object is to provide a chlorinated polyolefin resin that has excellent solution stability and excellent adhesion to polyolefin substrates including a polyethylene substrate. Polyolefins are durable, heat resistant and able to withstand most kinds of chemical corrosion. Branches in polyethylene (PE) acted as thermal defects initiating degradation. Polyolefin Elastomers (POEs) combine rubber-like flexibility with plastic processability, offering excellent impact resistance and low-temperature performance for diverse applications. They include Low-Density and High Density Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Contrarily, non-chlorinated polyolefin do not undergo chlorination. Let’s delve into the detailed comparison of polyolefin vs polypropylene in this article! Read more: PP Explore Thermoplastic Olefin (TPO) - its structure, properties, uses, environmental impact, and future potential in various industries. They can be used as a stand alone materials or as an impact modifier for most plastics. This requires the functionalization process to proceed in a controlled manner, that is, the functionalization of polyolefins should be carried out in such a way that renders the structure of the obtained functional polyolefins well-definable, with all structural and compositional Thermoplastic olefin, thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), or olefinic thermoplastic elastomers refer to polymer /filler blends usually consisting of some fraction of a thermoplastic, an elastomer or rubber, and usually a filler. This chapter discusses industrial processing for polyolefin production, and its classes. Polyolefins are high molecular weight hydrocarbons. Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is a type of polyolefin which, due to structure, molecular weight and chemistry, can be molded into autoclavable parts which are rubber-like in application and performance. The unique structure of POEs Outline Fundamentals of Polyolefin Structure/Property Relationships in Blow Molding Applications Gain a basic understanding of polyolefins Understand polyolefin properties & what they mean to the blow molded article Mar 26, 2017 · What are Polyolefin Polymers? Polyolefins are macromolecules formed by the polymerization of olefin monomer units. Other olefin monomers such as pentene and hexene are used to make copolymers. Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers (P-TPEs) are a particular class of polyolefins: they can be easily molded and extruded like thermoplastics, featuring at the same time elastic properties. Oct 30, 2024 · This paper examines polyolefin pyrolysis using a continuous fluidized bed reactor, comparing three key factors: (1) the branching structure of polyolefins, (2) the molecular weights of polymers, and (3) the source of plastics (PCR vs. Owing to their simple backbone structure, polyolefin chains, especially PE composites, exhibit a large change in κc upon alignment. Feb 1, 2021 · Polyolefins have dominated materials technology over the last century and remain among the most used materials, despite environmental problems have emerged and their public perception deteriorated. Chemical structure and classification of polyolefin Polyolefins Polyolefins are made from "olefins", which you may know as alkenes. La polyoléfine est la plus grande classe de polymères thermoplastiques organiques. Amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO; also known as atactic poly alpha olefin) is a commodity chemical used in multiple applications. Understanding these materials is essential for appreciating Jul 11, 2025 · Polyethylene, light, versatile synthetic resin made from the polymerization of ethylene. 4 Polymers and polymerization reactions 6 1. , require constantly innovative methods to understand the Dec 24, 2015 · The mode of degradation is determined by the character of the first initiating site in the polyolefin structure and is typical for conditions to which polyolefin is exposed. Maleic anhydride (MAH) grafting to different polyolefins with similar grafting degree can have different effects on crystallization, crystal structure, and mechanical and thermal properties. Aug 21, 2020 · EVA, ethylene vinyl acetate; POE, polyolefin elastomer; TPO, thermoplastic polyolefin [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary. 1 Introduction 3 1. It is the most widely used plastic in the world, being made into products ranging from clear food wrap and shopping bags to detergent bottles and fuel tanks. Crangle 1. In this article, we will explore the common types of polyolefins and their unique properties. POEs are produced through the copolymerization of ethylene and other alpha-olefins, such as butene, hexene, or octene. In organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin or olefine is an unsaturated chemical molecule containing at least one carbon to carbon double bond. TPOs are co-continuous phase system with the hard phase providing the strength and the soft phase providing the flexibility. These materials combine the properties of rubber with the processing capabilities of plastics, resulting in a versatile and highly adaptable product. P-TPE Nov 15, 2024 · Although the monomer unit structure of polyolefin is simple, the complexity of the polyolefin structure and the wide range of properties due to the regularity, branching, end-group structure, distribution of monomer units on the molecular chain, molecular weight distribution, etc. First, the 1-decene dimer was oligomerized with [t-BuN(Me)2C(η5-C5H4)]ZrCl2, and the effects of the oligomerization temperature, Al/Zr molar ratio, and catalyst loading on the oligomerization were investigated Jan 1, 2017 · Part I covers the structure and properties of polyolefin fibres, incorporating a new chapter on the environmental aspects of polyolefin use. Thus, there are slight differences in their chemical structure, characteristics, and uses. Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP) are probably the most widely known of a class that includes many other chemical structures, made largely for their excellent properties and wide application range into various industries. 1). wmfy ngejl luu zcfhbb kdbf paue iaf ywpmbhl act sgx
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